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Anatoly Ivanovich Lukyanov ((ロシア語:Анатолий Иванович Лукьянов)) (born 7 May 1930 in Smolensk) is a Russian Communist politician who was the Chairman of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR between 15 March 1990 and 22 August 1991. One of the founders of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation (CPRF) in 1993, he is described by its leader Gennady Zyuganov as the "Deng Xiaoping" of the party. He published books of poetry under his own name and under the pseudonyms Osenev (Осенев) and Dneprov (Днепров). Lukyanov was an early political ally of Mikhail Gorbachev, supporting his efforts in issues such as the fight against corruption and the start of reforms in the economy; however, beginning in 1987-88, he increasingly sympathized with the party establishment, correctly foreseeing that Gorbachev's policies unleashed forces that would destroy the USSR. == Biography == Lukyanov was born to a working-class Russian family in Smolensk on 7 May 1930. He graduated from the Law School of the Moscow State University in 1953, while also being a member of the Communist Youth League (Komsomol). During his years in law school, he befriended Mikhail Gorbachev, who was also studying there at the time, becoming an early political ally.〔''The Deal Is Already Done For Gorbachev's Coup Book'', ''The New York Times'', October 4, 1991 p. 1D〕 After getting his law degree he worked as a legal adviser at the Soviet Council of Ministers, and later, from 1961 to 1976, he was an adviser on legislation-drafting at the Supreme Soviet. His work in these positions gave him the opportunity to acquaint himself with the governmental and party elite from a young age. He also benefited from being constantly based in Moscow, at the center of government.〔''The Deal Is Already Done For Gorbachev's Coup Book'', ''The New York Times'', October 4, 1991 p. 1D〕 Lukyanov's background in constitutional law made him stand out among his generation of Soviet officials; most of his contemporaries in the Soviet leadership had studied engineering, economics or physics. From 1976 to 1988 he worked on constitutional law issues at the central apparatus of the Communist Party. Lukyanov was a secretary of the CPSU Central Committee from January 1987 and a candidate member of the Politburo from September 1988.〔A. I. Luk'ianov, ''V vodovorote rossiiskoi smuty'' (Moscow: Kniga i Biznes, 1999), 3.〕 Lukyanov was elected vice-chairman of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union in March 1989, and chairman the following year.〔Luk'ianov, ''V vodovorote rossiiskoi smuty,'' 3.〕 In 1991, Ivan Silayev accused him of being the leading force behind the Soviet coup attempt of 1991.〔''Soviet Turmoil; The Soviet Coup and Its Aftermath: A Recap'', in ''The New York Times'', 25 August 1991, p. 16〕 Lukyanov was arrested on 29 August 1991, and held for fifteen months on charges of conspiracy.〔''Russia Coup Trial Is Yielding A Maze'', in ''The New York Times'', 21 August 1992, p. 3〕 Throughout the investigation, Lukyanov denied complicity.〔Luk'ianov, ''V vodovorote rossiiskoi smuty,'' 4.〕 Lukyanov has been the Chairman of the Central Advisory Council of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation, and the senior adviser to party leader Gennady Zyuganov, since co-founding the party in 1993.〔''Muse of Anti-Yeltsin Forces: He Is Feared, Never Ignored'', in ''The New York Times'', 2 May 1996〕 He is also a member of the Union of Writers of Russia. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Anatoly Lukyanov」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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